Dairy Product

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Dairy products are generally defined as foodstuffs produced from milk.They are usually high-energy-yielding food products. A production plant for such processing is called a dairy or a dairy factory. Raw milk for processing generally comes from cattles, but occasionally from other mammals such as dairy goat, domestic sheep, water buffalo, yaks, or horses. Dairy products are commonly found in European cuisine, Middle Eastern and Indian cuisine, whereas they are almost unknown in East Asian cuisine.

Types of dairy products

Milk, after optional homogenization, pasteurization, in several grades after standardization of the fat level

Cream, the fat skimmed off the top of milk or separated by machine-centrifuges

Sour cream, cream that has been fermentation (food) by the bacteria Streptococcus lactis and Leuconostoc citrovorum
Crème fraîche, slightly fermented cream
Smetana (dairy product), Central and Eastern European variety of sour cream
Clotted cream, thick spoonable cream made by heating

Cultured buttermilk, fermented concentrated (water removed) milk using the same bacteria as sour cream
Powdered milk (or powdered milk), produced by removing the water from milk

Whole milk & buttermilk
Skim milk
Cream
High milk-fat & nutritional powders (for infant formulas)
Cultured and confectionery powders

Condensed milk, milk which has been concentrated by evaporation, often with sugar added for longer life in an opened can
Evaporated milk, (less concentrated than condensed) milk without added sugar
Ricotta cheese, milk heated and reduced in volume, known in Indian cuisine as Khoa (food)
Infant formula, dried milk powder with specific additives for feeding human infants
Baked milk, a variety of boiled milk that has been particularly popular in Russia

Butter, mostly milk fat, produced by churning cream

Buttermilk, the liquid left over after producing butter from cream, often dried as livestock food
Ghee, clarified butter, by gentle heating of butter and removal of the solid matter
Anhydrous milkfat

Cheese, produced by coagulating milk, separating from whey and letting it ripen, generally with bacterium and sometimes also with certain molds

Curds, the soft curdled part of milk (or skim milk) used to make cheese (or casein)
Whey, the liquid drained from curds and used for further processing or as a livestock food
Cottage cheese
Quark (cheese)
Cream cheese, produced by the addition of cream to milk and then curdled to form a rich curd or cheese made from skim milk with cream added to the curd
Fromage frais

Casein

Caseinates
Milk protein concentrates and isonates
Whey protein concentrates and isonates
Hydrolysates
Mineral concentrates

Yoghurt, milk fermented by Streptococcus salivarius ssp. thermophilus and Lactobacillus delbrueckii ssp. bulgaricus sometimes with additional bacteria, such as Lactobacillus acidophilus

Ayran
Lassi

Gelato, slowly frozen milk and water

Ice cream, slowly frozen cream and emulsifying additives

Ice milk
Frozen custard
Frozen yogurt, yogurt with emulsifiers that is frozen

Other

Kumis/Airag, slightly fermented mares' milk popular in Central Asia
Viili
Kajmak
Kefir
Filmjölk
Piimä
Vla
Dulce de leche

Criticism Many people avoid dairy products for health reasons. They argue that cow’s milk is specifically designed for calves, not humans.

Vegans and some vegetarians avoid dairy products due a variety of ethical, physiological, Natural environmental, politics, and religion concerns.

Eggs as dairy? "Eggs & dairy" is a common category. Some people may define dairy as "food that is produced by animals (other than meat)" rather than as milk specifically. Under this definition, Egg (food)s are grouped with milk products. For example, the Open Directory Project at one point listed cooking eggs as a subcategory of cooking dairy products. Defining dairy as limited to milk products, however, is more common and definitely right. Eggs are not dairy, rather they belong to the "meat, poultry, fish, eggs, dry beans, and nuts" group on the food pyramid.

External links

International Dairy School

Questions and Answers on dairy products
MilkAcademy - Applicable information about milking equipments and dairy farming
Got Milk?
MooMilk.com -- Dairy Industry information for children and dairy professionals
NZMP list of ingredients manufactured from milk

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